Prevalence of high-risk HPV types in women with cervical cancer in Eastern Uganda
Keywords:
Human papillomavirus, Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, Oral contraceptives, and Carcinoma in situAbstract
Infection of the cervix with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) and cervical carcinoma. Accurate identification and typing of these viruses might detect patients with different risk of cervical malignancy. Eighty-three cervical swabs were obtained from the regional referral hospitals of Mbale, Tororo, Butalejja, and Soroti between 2017 and 2019. DNA-Sorb-A DNA extraction kits were used, followed by sensitive HPV Real-Time PCR for genotyping high-risk HPV types. High-risk HPV genotypes were identified using HPV High-Risk Screen Real-TM Quant 2x kit, an in vitro Real-Time amplification test for the quantitative identification of 12 high-risk human papillomavirus (genotypes16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52, 56,58,59). This procedure utilizes probes targeting regions of the HPV group A9 (16, 31, 33, 35, 52, 58), HPV group A7 (18, 39, 45, 59), HPV group A5-A6 (51, 56), as well as the human β-globin gene as an internal control to screen for isolated DNA. Out of the 83 endocervical uterine swabs, 51 tested positive for HPV DNA. Different HPV genotypes were detectable in 49 incidences: HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 and 52. They manifested as single infections in 46/51 patients (90.2%) and in 3/51 patients (5.9%) as multiple infections. HPV genotypes 16 or 18 contributed to 56.9% (29/51) of the single-infections in the study. The findings of this research affirm the involvement of HPV 16 and 18 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasm and cervical carcinoma pathogenesis in low-income setups. The findings show that the presently available HPV 16 and 18 vaccines might help to deter the significant portion of cervical cancer malignancies in Uganda
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